Biomagnification of cyanobacterial neurotoxins and neurodegenerative disease among the Chamorro people of Guam
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
Biomagnification of cyanobacterial neurotoxins and neurodegenerative disease among the Chamorro people of Guam.
We here report biomagnification (the increasing accumulation of bioactive, often deleterious molecules through higher trophic levels of a food chain) of the neurotoxic nonprotein amino acid beta-methylamino-l-alanine (BMAA) in the Guam ecosystem. Free-living cyanobacteria produce 0.3 microg/g BMAA, but produce 2-37 microg/g as symbionts in the coralloid roots of cycad trees. BMAA is concentrate...
متن کاملA mechanism for slow release of biomagnified cyanobacterial neurotoxins and neurodegenerative disease in Guam.
As root symbionts of cycad trees, cyanobacteria of the genus Nostoc produce beta-methylamino-l-alanine (BMAA), a neurotoxic nonprotein amino acid. The biomagnification of BMAA through the Guam ecosystem fits a classic triangle of increasing concentrations of toxic compounds up the food chain. However, because BMAA is polar and nonlipophilic, a mechanism for its biomagnification through increasi...
متن کاملDiet and obesity among Chamorro and Filipino adults on Guam.
The purpose of this study was to compare the body mass index (BMI) and dietary intakes of Chamorro (n=66) and Filipino (n=61) adults, ages 25-65 years, living in Guam. Participants were recruited via community-based sampling; however, recruitment was targeted to ensure approximately equal numbers from each ethnic group, equal numbers of men and women within each ethnic group, and proportional r...
متن کاملthe speech act of advice and the introvert/extrovert distinction among iranian efl university students
the aim of this study is to examine the difference between the introverts and extroverts in preferred advice-giving style. furthermore, it explores the difference between l1 (persian) and l2 (english) regarding the giving of advice for the extroverts and introverts separately. it investigates whether an extrovert or introvert gives advice in the same manner in his l1 (persian) and l2 (english) ...
the effect of translation versus matching words and definitions on retrieval of vocabulary among iranian intermediate efl learners
این تحقیق جهت بررسی تأثیر ترجمه در برابر ایجاد ارتباط بین لغات و ارائه معانی بر بازیابی واژگان در میان زبان آموزان متوسط ایرانی انجام شده است. به این منظور سه گروه کامل از دانش آموزان سطح متوسط که کتاب اینترچنج3 را مطالعه می کردند پس از انجام تست استاندارد مهارت سنجی انتخاب شدند. در ابتدا محقق آنها را به دو گروه آزمایشی و یک گروه کنترل یا شاهد تقسیم نمود و درمرحله بعد از کلیه دانش آموزان در سه ...
ذخیره در منابع من
با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید
ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
سال: 2003
ISSN: 0027-8424,1091-6490
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2235808100